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Damages and problems in water systems
Your pump may not start for different reasons. To find the cause of the fault, you have to analyze the system and proceed by exclusion criteria.
Submersible pumps always have an electric motors that receives electrical power supply, that can be single-phase voltage (one phase and neutral) or three-phase voltage (three conductors of the same frequency and voltage). Single-phase current is normally used for domestic applications. The three-phase power supply is used for agricultural, collective or industrial applications. Once that the type of voltage has been verified, you have to descover the electrical power of the motor (you can read it on the label, on the purchase document or on the user manual). The engine power usually coincides with the power required by the pump (also called hydraulic). At this point, it is necessary to know the Ampere, that are also shown on the label. In determining the fault, measuring volts and amps often becomes fundamental for a rapid diagnosis of the problem.
What is your problem?
1)Air in water pipes:
When the submersible pump turns on, air come out of the pipes.
The pump turns on with the empty pipeline.
Solutions:
2)The flow of water is irregular:
During the normal operation of the submersible pump, the flow suddenly increases/decreases.
Possible causes:
Solutions:
3)The flow of water is less than usual:
During normal operation, the submersible pump supplies less water than usual.
Possible causes:
a) The groundwater level may have been lowered.
b) The pump filter may be clogged or the pump impellers may be consumed.
c) Possible water loss in the system.
d) The well is dirty (the pumped water is dirty or muddy).
Solutions:
a) Purge the well.
b) Clean the pump filter or replace the pump.
c) Eliminate the loss.
d) Purge the well.
4)When the submersible pump turns on, the circuit breaker is disconnected:
Possible causes:
e) Two power poles touch each other.
Solutions:
c) Use a circuit breaker with a leakage current of 0.3 (instead of the domestic 0.03) and activate a preferential feed line of the submersible pump, complying with the D.M.37/2008 regulation.
d) Replace the electric motor
e) Check the lines (crushing and / or tampering with the electric cable) and the electrical equipment. Check for water leaks in the electrical system
5)When the submersible pump turns on, the magnetothermic switch turns off
Possible causes:
e) Two poles of the power supply touch each other.
Solutions:
6)When the submersible pump turns on, the electricity meter turns off:
Possible causes:
d) Two poles of the power supply touch each other.
Solutions:
7)The thermal protection of the motor is disconnected
The thermal protection has nothing to do with the circuit breaker or with the magnetothermic. The thermal protection, also called, amperometric protection serves to protect the motor from anomalous rises in amperages. It may detach the electrical circuit during start-up or after prolonged running of the electric motor.
Possible causes:
a) Thermal protection is faulty (in this case voltage and amperage are in normal values).
b) The thermal protection is undersized (in this case voltage and amperage are in normal values).
c) The electric motor is blocked. In this case the voltage is maintained in the standard range instead the current (amperage) rises considerably.
d) The pump (hydraulic) is blocked. In this case the voltage is maintained in the standard instead the current (amperage) rises considerably.
e) Low voltage due to the supplier. In this case, a low voltage could be measured at the meter both during the rest phase and during the attempted start-up phase.
f) Low voltage due to undersized power lines. In this case the starting voltage drops considerably.
g) A loss-phase lack (only for motors with three-phase power supply).
Solutions:
a) Replace the thermal protection;
b) Increase the calibration of the thermal protection or replace it with an appropriate amperage rating.
c) Unblock or replace the motor.
d) Unblock or replace the pump (hydraulic side).
e) Contact the energy supplier and repair or replace the meter.
f) Replace the electric lines
g) Check where the phase is interrupted (electrical panel or meter counter).
8)The system is down:
Possible causes:
a) The system in on but the electrical panel is off
b) The voltage does not reach the electrical panel
c) The electrical panel is on but the motor is off
Solutions:
a) Repair the electrical control panel or replace it. Check if there are installed equipment for the management of the pump (electric float, pressure switch, presscontrol, pressure switch, etc.) that are faulty.
b) Check that the electrical panel is connected to the power supply. Check possible interruptions of the network starting from the electric meter;
c) If the amperage is zero or near zero, check for possible demage on the electric cable. If the amperage rises sharply check the letters "c" "d" "and" "f" "g" of point 7.
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