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Information about sewer pumping stations
Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from from household wastewater.
It is not always possible to bring the wastewater from a building to the municipal sewage system. Sometimes it is necessary to use a septic tank and a submersible sewage pump. This type of electric pump is distinguished from the normal submersible pumps for the large spaces in the impeller. Sometimes it is equipped by a shredding device placed at the inlet of the pump. This kind of pumps are called grinder pumps: Once the wastewater inside the tank reaches a specific level, the pump will turn on, grind the waste into a fine slurry, and pump it to the septic tank.
Waste stream in submersible sewage pump impellers
These three images represent the hydraulics of the most commonly used submersible pumps in domestic/collective systems.
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Electric pumps with Vortex impellers Drainage water lifting; dirty and sewerage waters; domestic, artisanal and industrial waste water with suspended solids; stringy and viscous materials with air, gas and abrasive particles; fermented muds; activated sludge. |
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Electric pumps with single channel impellers They are used for various applications in the private, public and industry sectors. |
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The most widely used sewer pumps:
Vortex impeller pumps are the most used in sewage and wastewater pumping plants. The image on the right shows faithfully the prospect of the pump delivery pipe, in which the vortex impeller (vortex) is visible, which tends to shred the effluent to convey it to the water network.
You might be interested in:
Kit for sewer systems: ready for installation!
How water lifting systems work?
Schemes for sewer systems
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Possible drawbacks:
Sewer pumps are designed to lift wastewater with suspended solids. The excessive passage of sewage with solids may cause the sudden failure of the pump. In addition to the sewage lifting system (which can be one or more electric pumps) you can alsouse an imhoff septic tank. In this way, it is possible to merge the already decanted waste into the municipal network, avoiding complications.
Practical example
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In common wastewater systems (with single-phase power supply) the sewage pump is equipped with an integred electric float switch. The float switchit operates the submersible pump when the slurry level rises, and stops it when the waste level goes down. The image on the right is the BBC - SEMISOM 265 stainless steel electric pump. The impeller is made from the best stainless steels.
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The pumps is mounted with a lowering and lifting device, that allows you to keep the sub pump in a short time and without getting dirty. |
Electric pump mounted inside the septic tank |
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Professional wastewater lifting system
In a professional sewage system, the submersible electric pumps are controlled by independent electric floats, which determine its switching on/off (fig. 1, 3 and 5).
To refine the system it may be useful to add a non-return ball check valve (picture on the side) that does not allow the sewer to return to the wastewater tank.
Img. 1: two Mercury-type floats (these must be connected to an electrical panel that manages the operation of the system).
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Lifting station with a submersible pump and
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Single- and three-phase control panels for one-pump system with |
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The SA609 and SA608 Elettromek control panels are designed to automatically manage a sewage system with an electric pump (img.1); the electrical panels SA609 and SA608 are supplied complete with a back-up battery to guarantee the functioning of the alarms even in the absence of electricity.
With a third float switch it is possible to activate the alarm section. By placing it at a higher level than the other two, this intervenes when the wastewater rises to the max. level. |
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Lifting station with a submersible pumps and Multicontact float switches |
Single- and three-phase control panels for two-pumps system with |
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By inserting a third float placed higher than the working floats, the alarm section is activated.
A fourth float placed even higher will activate the emergency operation of the system with the departure of the second electric pump replacing the first one.
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Alarm devices applicable to the electrical panel 639.
On Pippohydro all the accessories related to each electrical panel are available.
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Acoustic and luminous alarm device |
Luminous alarm device |
Acoustic alarm device |
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With two submersible electric pumps, the system is controlled by three electric floats (min - max - emergency) and a fourth floating for the alarm (img.5), connected to an electrical panel.Thanks to the float switches,the electrical panel controls the start-up and shutdown of the pump (img.2 and 4). It is necessary to install two ball- check valves, to avoid the recirculation between the electric pumps and to avoid the return of the dirty water in the septic tank. Thanks to the electrical panel for waste water, the submersible electric pumps work occurs alternately. In a two pumps sewage system the pumps alternate and taking turns running. Thanks to the control panel you will always know when one fails and have a chance to repair it.
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Img. 5 |
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Important!
For a proper installation it is necessary to mount an alarm float as shown in the image alongside (ie, immediately above the min and max sewage levels).
This float detects the increase of the waste water, even before the leakage from the tank; thanks to the control panel the anomaly is signaled by alarm (acoustic, visual or acoustic/visual). |
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Different types of installation
a)System controlled by an electric float connected to the pump.
b)System with lifting and lowerig device, controlled by an electric float connected to the pump.
c)System with lifting and lowerig device, controlled by two electric floats connected to an electrical control panel.
d)System with lifting and lowerig device, controlled by two electric floats + another electric float for the alarm, all connected to an electrical panel.
The two-pumps sewage system in common use:
a)System controlled by an electric float connected to the pump (one for each electric pump).
b)System with lifting and lowering device and with electric float connected to the pump (an automatic device + a float for each electric pump).
c)System controlled by two float switches connected to an electrical control panel + emergency float switch
d)System with a lifring and lowering device, with two float switches connected to an electrical control panel + emergency float switch
e)System with lifting and lowerig device, with two electric floats connected to an electrical control panel + emergency float switch + an alarm electric float connected to an electrical control panel.
Below are the logos of the main companies of products sold on pippohydro:
